![]() ![]() However, lower education and problem-focused coping were related to more satisfaction. In a study of husband caregivers, memory and behavioral problems of the wives and use of emotion-focused coping by the caregiver were solely related to burden (Kramer 1997a ). Stuckey and colleagues 1996 found that gender of the caregiver and behavioral symptoms of the care recipient (CR) were almost equally related to burden and subjective well-being. However, there is some evidence that factors associated with caregiver gain and strain are distinct.Ĭaring for someone with greater functional, behavioral, or cognitive impairment was more strongly correlated to the negative versus positive aspects of caregiving in two studies (Stuckey et al. Studies specifically examining well-being and burden and their correlates have shown that these constructs are correlated. Such positive consequences exist side by side with the more negative outcomes that predominate."Īlthough positive and negative aspects of caregiving may be aligned, they appear to tap unique components of the stress and coping process (Stuckey, Neundorfer, and Smyth 1996 Stull, Kosloski, and Kercher 1994 ). 363) contended, "In fact, for many caregivers, there are positive consequences of assuming this role, such as feelings of gratification that emanate from helping a loved one or a renewed sense of purpose in life. Although a pessimistic perspective has dominated the caregiving literature, providing care to a loved one may also provide intrinsic rewards, closer kinship ties, and self-efficacy in mastering caregiving tasks (Kramer 1997b ). Wolinsky, PhDĬAREGIVERS of frail elders are vulnerable to psychological distress such as depression, stress, increased role strain, loss of identity, and burden (Baillie, Norbeck, and Barnes 1988 Burns, Archbold, Stewart, and Shelton 1993 Lawton, Moss, Kleban, Glicksman, and Rovine 1991 McFall and Miller 1992 Skaff and Pearlin 1992 Thompson, Futterman, Gallagher-Thompson, Rose, and Lovett 1993 see Young and Kahana 1995, for an exception). However, there are differences between African American and White caregivers, which primarily stem from the role of age, gender, and preference for family care with self-gain.ĭecision Editor: Fredric D. Caregiver demographics are associated with caregiving ideology, whereas care recipient frailty is related to role conflict. The findings suggest that contextual elements that influence preference for family care and role conflict are almost identical for African Americans and Whites. However, 12 proposed relationships were statistically significant and equivalent for African Americans and Whites.ĭiscussion. Three additional relationships differed between African Americans and Whites: age and self-gain, gender and self-gain, and care recipient depression and role conflict. Furthermore, role conflict was unrelated to self-gain but was related to more self-loss for both groups. Despite a stronger preference for family care among African Americans, traditional caregiving ideology was associated with more self-gain among Whites only there was no relationship between preference for family care and self-loss for either group. Using a cross-sectional telephone survey of caregivers in North Carolina ( n = 481), the authors performed a structural equation groups analysis to assess the equality of an a priori caregiving model for African Americans ( n = 257) and Whites ( n = 224). This study compared the effects of a traditional ideology of care and role conflict on the intrinsic rewards (self-gain) and consequences (self-loss) of caregiving among African Americans and Whites. ![]()
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